The 150th anniversary of Akhmet Baitursynov, Kazakh public figure, educator, scholar and literary critic will be celebrated at UNESCO level. On this occasion, by reconsidering A. Baitursynov’s life path, his works and scientific papers through a new perspective, with historical and informative data, we will learn the personality of the national figure from a different angle. The main purpose of writing this article is to provide new cognitive data and information about the place of Orenburg in the life and formation of A. Baitursynov, who became an intellectual of the nation, his resettlement to Orenburg, establishing typographical presses, publishing textbooks, books, newspapers for the nation, working at the Commissariat of Public Education of the KazASSR, and his colleagues. Orenburg, the former capital of the KazASSR in 1920-1925, and the center of significant events in Kazakh history, holds a special place. Therefore, by comparing the archive materials of Russia and Kazakhstan, and the viewpoints of scholar-researchers, it will be presented cognitive information about the scholar’s colleagues and the founders of the scientific field. The practical relevance of the conclusions formulated in the article is relevant for the correspondent, the Ahmetologist, the literary scholar and other readers.

The article examines the similarities and differences between the non-verbal techniques used in communication. At the same time, the meaning of a number of the nonverbal techniques used in context is defined. Non-verbal communication is realised through the use of different body parts, carrying a certain semantic sense. For example, nodding means greeting and saying goodbye, as well as disagreeing and being surprised. In communication, such gestures are often used in everyday life. Indeed, a person cannot communicate without using gestures when communicating, because non-verbal components are the play that clarifies the meaning of words, gives them additional meaning and contributes to a more accurate and clear expression of thoughts.

The authors argue that gestures in communication, although similar in origin through the use of various non-verbal techniques, including the use of hands, head, eyes, etc., in terms of semantics convey different meanings in the communication of Kazakhs, Russians and other ethnic groups, and point out that some gestures are not used in the same meaning by all people. It also includes specific examples of fiction works related to similarities and differences of non-verbal techniques in communication.

The present «Frequency Poetic Dictionary of the Zhyrau language of the XV-XVIII centuries» is a scientific and encyclopedic publication on the systematization of lexical units and formulaic combinations of the poetic speech of Zhyrau of the XV-XVIII centuries, as well as the techniques of their oral-stylistic technique. They are wonderful creators and keepers of the ancient oral epic culture of the Turkic-speaking peoples of the Crimea, the North Caucasus and Central Asia. Their names are widely known in their epic and in their lyric-epic works. The dictionary contains a rich corpus of stable units, formulas and formulaic formations (primary transformations). All this powerful oral-stylistic technique vividly testifies to the history of the development of the poetic art of the Turks, about the organic connection of oral tradition with its initial foundations – myth, ritual and ritual, where rhythmic spells, formulaic repetitions, suggestion and magic played the main role. A valuable spiritual heritage of the epic culture of the Turkic peoples is becoming today the «formula grammar», which has the greatest prospects for its research. Kazakh zhyrau, as well as ancient Turkic yrchi, played a major role in the formation and formation of national statehood and literary language. They have created wonderful oral works of various genres, which are not inferior in artistic value to many masterpieces of written world literature. The frequency dictionary includes a large number of outdated and incomprehensible terms today. But all of them are accompanied by the necessary explanations, comments, links to the opinions of famous scientists, etc. The dictionary is intended for specialists-researchers of the Kazakh and Turkic languages, folklorists, epicologists, philosophers, culturologists, translators of the poetic art of the Kazakh people, anyone interested in the aesthetics of nomads.

Nouns, which are the leading groups of words, have always needed to be studied in the field of linguistics. In particular, it was necessary to study the influence of phonosemantic and phonomorphic-semantic phenomena on the phonetic or phonetic, semantic features of words in the modern language. On the contrary, another group of nouns does not change its appearance, but changes its internal lexical composition. Some have lost their old meanings, while others add new lexical meanings. According to researchers, the noun was used in ancient Turkic inscriptions. Orkhon-Yenisei monuments have their own system of phonetic, morphological and semantic features. Introduces many settings for correct reading and translation of individual words. Scientists also explained in detail the peculiarities of recording sounds in the monument. Focuses on phonetic and grammatical structure. The article discusses the phonomorphosemantic characteristics of ancient nouns and the definition of nouns in the language of medieval written monuments from the point of view of the modern Kazakh language. In addition, scientific concepts of indigenous words were generalized, the opinions of scientists-researchers of Kazakh linguistics, such as Marhabat Tomanov, Berikbai Sagyndykuly, Zhamal Mankeeva, etc. were taken as a basis.

The article is devoted to the problem of anthropocentric research of the synergy of the Kazakh word on the basis of ethno-cultural content in the «linguistic picture of the world». In this regard, special attention is paid to the following characteristics of a native speaker (linguistic personality) as its creative and creative essence, sensory perception (poetic) and interpretive (pragmatic) character, substantiating artistic representation in language. An artistic word expressing the inner collapse of the people, i.e. the linguophilosophical ideas of V.von Humboldt and the judgments of A.Baitursynov that «if the language disappears, its carrier (ethnos) will disappear» laid the foundation for the principles characterizing the anthropocentric direction in determining the synergy of the word. In accordance with this, if the «linguistic picture of the world» is considered as a way of reflecting the spirit of a native speaker, and the synergy of the word is determined at the level of the activity of the spirit. In the article «the linguistic picture of the world» is considered as the living activity of the spirit, the way of its expression, and the synergy of language determines the level of manifestation of the activity of the spirit. The scientific and methodological basis for the study of this problem is based on a transdisciplinary methodology within the framework of the linguosynergetic paradigm, which is developing in linguistics in the era of globalization. It characterizes the high level of development of science and technology and the integration of human activity. Therefore, the term synergetics (gr. Synergtikos – «joint activity», «influence») transformed from the sphere of natural science, expresses components and subsystems in the structure of a common system that were formed as a result of the internal organization of complex relationships. This phenomenon, in accordance with the interdisciplinary trend, is also applied in the study of language.

In recent years, in Kazakh linguistics, special importance has been attached to the content and meaning in connection with the activation of the problem of cognitive study of language units. There are materials in science concerning polysemy, and yet this linguistic phenomenon remains relevant. The fact is that language, being a living phenomenon, grows and develops. The development of language means the expansion of the meaning of the word, the acquisition of a new character. The main reason for the increase in the meaning of words at the present stage is associated with the expansion of the subject, phenomena, their properties, functions, as well as broad cognition. Some words may continue to develop unstably. Recently, external factors have been influencing words and their meanings. Due to this, polysemous words appear. The appearance of polysemous words is also a time-consuming process.

The main purpose of our research work is the analysis of monosyllabic polysemous words from a lexico-semantic point of view, with an emphasis on the specifics of use. To achieve this goal, the structure and methods of creating monosyllabic polysemous words are defined; the word-formation features of monosyllabic polysemous words were revealed; monosyllabic polysemous words in the language of monuments were identified, which were supposed to be compared with the facts of the modern Kazakh language. These results have been achieved. The research is important for the history of language and historical semantics.

In the article, written monuments of the Golden Horde period are considered as an integral linguistic heritage, on the basis of a comprehensive study of the language of written monuments, their consonance with the spiritual culture of the Kazakhs is shown. An attempt is made to reveal the linguistic picture of the world through linguistic phenomena based on the ideological community of the ancient culture of the Kipchaks and modern Kazakh culture, identifying language and ethnicity as a single whole. To achieve this goal, an ethnocultural analysis of phraseological units as keepers and carriers of the linguistic picture of the world is made.

Concrete data substantiates the ability of stable phrases in the language of written monuments to convey cultural information about the national mentality, which testifies to its unity, community and integrity with the worldview and understanding of the world, the cultural tradition of the Kazakhs, which originates from the origins of time.

The category of modality expresses the speaker’s attitude to the connection that he establishes between the content of a given utterance and reality, i.e., attitude to attitude. This article examines the category of modality as a phenomenon of grammatical forms and its representation. The analysis of the features of modal words, mood, modal verb forms in the transmission of modal meaning is carried out. And we are also talking about the specifics of modal meaning in other Turkic languages, including the semantic differences between the languages of Kazakh and Karakalpak. Opinions are given regarding the allocation of modal words as a lexico-semantic class.

The category of modality can be considered both in morphological and syntactic, as well as in lexical aspect. The modal meaning is first expressed in grammatical forms. The article will touch upon the most frequently used language techniques in creating modal meaning, as well as the features of the transmission of modal meaning in moods. There are many grammatical ways to convey modal meaning, including purely grammatical and lexico-grammatical, morphological and syntactic techniques. Modality can be defined as a complex category that can be conveyed syntactically, morphologically and lexically. Although the article considers grammatical representative models of giving modal meaning, morphological approaches are becoming increasingly important. Syntactic approaches will be discussed briefly. In our opinion, syntactic methods of transmitting modal meaning are becoming increasingly associated with extralinguistic factors.

This article will show the specifics of the language positions used in the “Kazakh grammar”, which will be published in the future. Functional grammar assumes the defining role of the approach “from semantics to the means of its expression” as the main starting position that determines the construction of grammar. The necessity of studying morphological structures and syntactic phenomena in relation to the level of speech, Thus, although these two directions are considered to be the main feature distinguishing structural grammar and functional grammar, they are not the other two phenomena. They, as two sides of something, complement each other and serve together in determining any linguistic facts. “In order for grammar to have a systematic structure, a two-way consideration of language units is necessary, as in lexicology. In order to consider the specifics of service words from the point of view of the functional aspect, the semantics of service words in a sentence is characterized by a new aspect. The article defines the field of functionality of service words, additional semes defined in the phrase. The linguistic material substantiates the fact that individual words that do not have a full lexical meaning express the connection and relationships between words and sentences, as well as giving the word additional meaning, participate in the creation of functional meanings, such as accuracy, temporality, certainty, alternation, brevity, repeatability.