One of the most pressing issues is the unification of the Turkic languages. The common Turkic alphabet is a rational way of uniting the Turkic peoples. Modern graphic systems of the Turkic peoples are based on Latin, Cyrillic and Arabic graphics, and they are diverse. As a result, despite the proximity and kinship of the sound structure, the alphabets of the Turkic languages and their orthography are very different from each other.
The article raises the problem of unifying the writing of the Turkic peoples and suggests the ways to solve it. It is scientifically (theoretically) justified that only through a stable alphabet, the common textual space is formed that is understandable in terms of reading/pronunciation for all Turkic peoples. For this purpose, linguists who specialize in studying different languages must agree on the unification of alphabetic systems.

Is the problem you are studying related to language? Any linguistic theory should be based on one of the starting points of research, on the description of the language and speech. If this is not the case, the research will be controversial from the outset. If the language arises from speech, then speech does not arise entirely from the language: there is no complete opposite (equal) agreement between them. Speech obeys the laws of the language that it creates in order to be clear and understandable. Speech can change beyond recognition (to a large extent) while maintaining a common ground. Speech is generous and lively. Without it, nothing would have changed (developed). It may seem that this persistence is associated with the development of grammatical formulas. However, speech is more than the language. Speech remains the element that drives and guides the process. Through speech, the language is in constant contact with its source.
It is a misconception that a language starts with naming things with words, and then combining and structuring these words. Speech is not made up of words, but on the contrary, words flow from speech. Separate words can be extracted even from the most erroneous and haphazardly composed sentence. Consequently, word formation is the main and necessary component of speech. It is well known that all changes in the development of language occur in the process of speech. Accordingly, the law of linguistic economy is implemented in the process of speech.

Today the potential of the spoken word is growing, and it occupies a special place in society. In addition to everyday communication, oral speech can be used in public speeches, on stage, in the speech of journalists on television, in electronic communication systems; its impact is significant in the classroom of school teachers and University lecturers, etc. Therefore, when creating a spelling dictionary, it becomes necessary to form and systematize the pronunciation norms. Special signs also play an important role when creating a spelling dictionary. The article discusses the features of the orthoepic dictionary and functions of such signs.

The article deals with the words that came to the Kazakh language from other languages – Arabic and Persian. The main reason for this is the consequence of the close relations of the Kazakh people with other peoples in the course of historical development. The penetration of words happened in different ways. The introduction of words from other languages into the Kazakh language depended on economic, trade, political and cultural relations. The semantic scope of these words varied depending on these factors. The article discusses the narrowing and expansion of the meanings of words of the Kazakh language borrowed from the Arabic and Persian languages.

This article describes the nature of obsolete words. These words reflect the historical development of the Kazakh language. They have greatly enriched the vocabulary of our modern literary language. The ancient Kazakh written heritage reflects the vocabulary of bygone eras, as well as history, culture and life of the Kazakh people. Analyzing the lexical features of written monuments, we understand the position of original and borrowed words. Many of our original words have survived to the present day. However, obsolete words with unclear semantics still need clarification. Foreign words are intertwined with the original vocabulary of the Kazakh language and are assimilated in accordance with the phonetic laws of the Kazakh language.
The ancient written Kazakh language is one of the largest channels that open the way for the development of the modern literary language. The ancient Turkic language, the middle Turkic language, and the ancient Kazakh language are linked by historical ties. There are a lot of obsolete Kazakh words that are not familiar to us.

Today, the field of orthoepy is one of the least developed, since the problems of orthoepy are not given due attention in kindergartens, schools, and even at the philological faculties of universities. In this regard, N. Uali notes that due to careless study of spelling rules, there are unjustified deviations from the norms of pronunciation of the literary language. S. Myrzabekov writes that errors in pronunciation are mainly due to underestimation of the relationship between oral and written forms of the language, the lack of promotion of orthoepy. Both oral and written speech have their own system and characteristics. When reading a written text, it is necessary to observe the norms of oral speech. The need to comply with orthoepic rules is obvious. Correct pronunciation makes communication easier; it will be pleasant and understandable to the listener, provided that the original harmony, rhythm, and melody of the speech are preserved.
The article deals with some problems of Kazakh orthoepy. Despite the fact that dictionaries, reference books, and researches related to orthoepy have been published, the use of words outside of compliance with orthoepic norms takes place in everyday communication. In other words, the sound features typical of the Kazakh language, the harmony of sounds are not preserved, but, on the contrary, the words are pronounced as they are written. So, in the speech of young people, the norms of pronunciation of consonants are violated when there is no voicing of voiceless consonants. Thus, the principle is not observed, according to which oral speech has its own system, just as written speech has its own one.

This article is devoted to the problem of creating geodesic terms by abbreviations, which is relevant in linguistics. As it is known, the lexis created by abbreviations is an integral part of the vocabulary of modern technical terminology, since the current stage of development of science and technology requires the use of abbreviated names in communication. Since most of the new terms are multicomponent, their translation and use in practice create inconveniences. Despite certain difficulties in understanding, abbreviated words are really economical, and, of course, in the process of language communication, complex terms used in abbreviated form then gradually become more familiar among specialists. However, the abbreviated version of each complex name can become a new term only if its semantic integrity and semantic unit are preserved. In the process of language communication, complex terms used in abbreviated form then become more common among specialists over time. Thus, despite certain difficulties in understanding, abbreviations are economical, convenient and promote mutual understanding among specialists, as well as the further development and enrichment of geodesic terms.

It is known that the relationship between language and thinking is considered as an actual problem of language studying. Research in this area sometimes emphasizes the predominance of language in understanding the phenomena of the world in an attempt to prove the superiority of thinking. We can say that linguists have disagreed depending on which of these two points of view they agree with. As a result of further development of the science of language, the idea that language does not exist without thought, and thought does not exist without language, has become more stable.
The article discusses the relationship between thought and language. This is a topical issue of linguistics today. The author of the article claims that language and thinking are interrelated.

Meta-marking is an indispensable source for collecting research material related to a specific period, style, author, topic, etc. Meta-marking allows the users to search for and select texts when creating their own subcorpus. The article deals with the problem of metalinguistic marking of texts when compiling national corporA.Meta-marking systems used for Kazakh texts are described.

The article provides a lexicographic analysis of the dictionary of Old Kazakh book vocabulary. There is a structural-typological, genre classification of historically oriented vocabularies. The importance of historical, national, and linguistic consciousness in the formation of vocabulary has been emphasized. The macrostructure and microstructure of the dictionary have been considered. It is emphasized that a lexicographer is a professional who transmits collective historical knowledge. It is noted that ‘the dictionary – the reader’ interaction should be considered as one of the main requirements when creating a dictionary. Language is an ancient phenomenon, a historical category. The language heritage and vocabulary of the Kazakh language have been preserved to our times thanks to written monuments, folklore and spoken language. For dictionary compilers, the important task is to accurately reflect the semantics of these units and forms of the ancient language in the dictionary.