For citations:

Bazarbayeva Z., Zhumabayeva Zh., Ospangaziyeva N. On the Phonological and Articulatory-Acoustic Characteristics of Close (Y, I, Ū, Ü) Vowels. Tiltanym. 2026;(1):22-34. (In Kazakh) https://doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2026-1-22-34