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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">til</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Tiltanym</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tiltanym</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2411-6076</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2709-135X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт языкознания имени А.Байтурсынулы КН МОН РК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55491/2411-6076-2026-3-84-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">til-2334</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ЛИНГВИСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лингвистические мотивы полисемии в казахском языке: преемственность исторического текста и современного употребления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Linguistic Motivations of Polysemy in the Kazakh Language: Continuity between Historical Texts and Contemporary Usage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8515-7112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамашева</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamasheva</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нургуль Сапарбаевна Мамашева‚ автор‐корреспондент‚ докторант</p><p>г․ Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nurgul Mamasheva‚ Corresponding Author‚ Doctoral Student</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nurgul_saparbai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0453-227X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулмаматов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulmamatov</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дусмамат Саттарович Кулмаматов, доктор филологических наук‚ профессор</p><p>г․ Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dusmamat Kulmamatov‚ Doctor of Philological Sciences‚ Professor</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulmamatov1956@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курманова</surname><given-names>Б. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurmanova</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бибигуль Ханиулловна Курманова</p><p>г․ Уральск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bibigul Kurmanova</p><p>Uralsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurmanovab@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахский национальный университет имени аль‐Фараби</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Al‐Farabi Kazakh National University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Узбекский государственный университет мировых языков</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Uzbekistan State University of World Languages</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Западно-Казахстанский аграрно-технический университет имени Жангир хана</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мамашева Н.С., Кулмаматов Д.С., Курманова Б.Х., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мамашева Н.С., Кулмаматов Д.С., Курманова Б.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamasheva N., Kulmamatov D., Kurmanova B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tiltanym.kz/jour/article/view/2334">https://www.tiltanym.kz/jour/article/view/2334</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена проблеме лингвистической мотивированности полисемии в казахском языке в контексте преемственности между историческим текстом и современным употреблением․ Актуальность исследования обусловлена тем‚ что многозначные лексемы средневековых тюркских письменных памятников нередко воспринимаются современным читателем как единосемантичные‚ вследствие чего мотивация и траектория развития их значений остаются недостаточно раскрытыми․ Цель исследования – на материале двух памятников золотоордынского периода определить структуру значений полисемичных единиц и показать их связь с современным словарным описанием и функциональной активностью в казахском языке․ В задачи работы входит отбор многозначных лексем из исторических текстов‚ уточнение смысловых ветвей по контексту‚ характеристика когнитивных и функциональных оснований семантического расширения‚ а также сопоставление полученных результатов с современными толковыми словарями․ Эмпирическую базу составили словарь‚ транскрипция и перевод произведений Сейфа Сараи «Гүлістан бит‐түрки» и Кутба «Хұсрау уа Шырын»․ Для сопоставления с современным употреблением использованы материалы однотомного Большого толкового словаря казахского языка и Универсального электронного словаря казахского языка․ Методологически работа опирается на историко‐ сопоставительный и контекстно‐семантический анализ‚ классификацию смысловых ветвей как лексико‐ семантических вариантов‚ а также на мотивологический и лексикографический сравнительный подход․ В результате были систематизированы основные мотивационные модели полисемии, а сохранение и расширение значений, а также изменение характера их употребления были подтверждены на материале исторических источников и современной словарной системы. Научная значимость работы – связана с обоснованием диахронно‐ синхронного подхода к объяснению полисемии‚ практическая – с возможностью применения результатов в обучении историческим текстам‚ лексикографической практике и пополнении семантических ресурсов для национальных языковых моделей․</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the linguistic motivations of polysemy in Kazakh by tracing continuity between historical texts and present‐day usage․ The study is relevant because polysemous lexemes attested in medieval Turkic written monuments are often perceived by contemporary readers as having a single meaning‚ which leaves the motivation and developmental trajectory of their senses insufficiently explained․ The aim of the research is to identify the semantic structure of polysemous units on the basis of two monuments from the Golden Horde period and to demonstrate their links to modern dictionary descriptions and functional activity in contemporary Kazakh․ The objectives include selecting polysemous lexemes from historical texts‚ clarifying sense branches through contextual analysis‚ characterizing the cognitive and functional grounds of semantic extension‚ and comparing the results with modern explanatory lexicography․ The empirical basis comprises the dictionary‚ transcription‚ and translation of Sayf Sarai’s “Gulistan bit‐turki” and Qutb’s “Khusrau wa Shirin”․ To align historical meanings with current usage‚ the study draws on a one‐volume comprehensive explanatory dictionary of Kazakh and the Universal Electronic Dictionary of the Kazakh language․ Methodologically‚ the research integrates historical‐comparative and contextual‐semantic analysis‚ classification of sense branches as lexico‐semantic variants‚ and a combined motivation‐based and lexicographic comparative approach․ As a result, the main motivational models of polysemy were systematized, while the preservation and extension of meanings, as well as changes in their usage, were substantiated through historical sources and the contemporary lexical system. The study’s scholarly contribution lies in substantiating a diachronic‐synchronic framework for explaining polysemy‚ while its practical value concerns teaching historical texts‚ improving lexicographic work‚ and enriching semantic resources for national language models․</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полисемия</kwd><kwd>исторический текст</kwd><kwd>современное употребление</kwd><kwd>историческая преемственность</kwd><kwd>дискурс</kwd><kwd>семантика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polysemy</kwd><kwd>historical text</kwd><kwd>contemporary usage</kwd><kwd>historical continuity</kwd><kwd>discourse</kwd><kwd>semantics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аманжолов С. Қазақ әдеби тілі синтаксисінің қысқаша курсы. – Павлодар: Павлодар мемлекеттік университеті‚ 2008. – 110 б.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahanov‚ K. 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